In Leipzig there are some important buildings from the eras of past centuries. Leipzig was a center of civil Baroque and was supplemented, especially in the early days by many public buildings of historicism. Leipzig also has a relatively high proportion of buildings of Art Nouveau. In addition, there are buildings of prewar and postwar modernism in Leipzig.
View over the city of Leipzig from the Battle of the Nations Monument
Nikolai Nikolai Church with memorial pillar to the Peaceful Revolution of 1989
The Russian Memorial Church
religious buildings
A summary of all churches can be found at List of church buildings in Leipzig. Detailed descriptions of religious buildings can be found at churches in Leipzig, former churches and synagogues in Leipzig in Leipzig.
St. Boniface Church
The Nikolai church was one of the most important places of prayers for peace and starting point of the Monday demonstrations in Leipzig, a substantial part of the political change in the GDR. It was from 1165, the year of the award of the town law, built in Romanesque style and remodeled in the late Middle Ages into a Gothic hall church. Right next to the Nikolai church is the Old Nikolai School.
In memory of Russian casualties during the Battle of Leipzig in 1913 came the Russian Memorial Church in the so-called Novgorod style of Russian Orthodox churches.
In Leipzig two major churches of classical modernism are found: the Church of Reconciliation in Gohlis- North and the Church of St. Boniface in Conne joke. The 1932 consecrated Church of Reconciliation is one of the most important testimonies of sacred architecture in the style of modern architecture in Germany. The St. Boniface Church is the most important Catholic church to be built between the two world wars in Saxony. The round building in the Art Deco style was built in 1929-30 to commemorate the fallen in the First World War members of the Catholic Mercantile Association.
Historical Buildings
The Leipzig city center consists of very varied views. In the heart of the city dominates the Old Town Hall, a Renaissance building from the years 1556/57. It is noteworthy that this is not axisymmetric built the then rules under in the front view, but divided in the golden ratio. The gerückte from the central axis of the Town Hall tower was considered avant-garde architectural power of that time and stood with the vertebrae and thereby caused an uproar for the urban self-consciousness and the typical desire to always choose its own independent way and to maintain.
Its builder, Hieronymus Lotter - city builder, councilor and mayor - also built the Old scales on the marketplace as well as major parts of the city fortifications. So he constructed the still preserved Moritz Bastion, which was built from 1551 to 1554. It was considered a masterpiece of fortress architecture and impregnable. In the Thirty Years' War, but it was overrun by Swedish troops. Previously was located in the immediate vicinity of the Pleissenburg, which was already in the Smalcald War damaged in the 16th century and partially razed. The New Town Hall is located on the remains of Pleissenburg. It is with its 114 meters high main tower of the largest hall building world. With the strong growth of Leipzig in the 19th century, the city administration needed this larger building, which was completed in 1905.
Much of the inner city is formerly used by the Leipziger Messe trade courtyards, magnificent merchant houses with characteristic passages, dominated. The passages were originally created to save the coaches in the narrow courtyards turning. The oldest surviving Handelshof is Barthel's yard, now restored are Specks Hof or Stenzlers yard. They were used mainly for alignment of trade fairs. The Municipal Department Store and the Handelshof were the first sample fair in the city. Other retailers such as Auerbach's Cellar have been converted early 20th century in malls, as the retreat of the Leipziger Messe from downtown apparent with the construction of the fairgrounds. On the grounds of Auerbach's Cellar is now home to the most magnificent passage of Leipzig, after the Milanese model built from 1912 to 1914 Mädlerpassage. Here is the world-famous by Goethe's Faust Auerbach's cellar.
Old Stock Exchange in Leipzig
Hotel Fürstenhof
In Leipzig there are still many buildings of civil Baroque, which emerged in the prosperous merchant town about the same time as the buildings of the electoral Baroque in Dresden. Immediately behind the Old Town Hall, at the Naschmarkt, there is the built in baroque style Old Stock Exchange, which once served as a meeting building the Leipzig merchants. Wealthy citizens built the Palace of the compact city as the Fregehaus, the Romanus House and the Royal House, which served as a guesthouse of the city council for high-level visitors to the 19th century. Sometimes the building existed before and were rebuilt in the 18th century. In the outskirts of the city Gohliser castle also emerged as a baroque building in civil possession.
Some buildings are reminiscent of the stays and haunts of famous people in Leipzig. So is east of downtown, the Mendelssohn House in which Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, who worked as a composer at the Gewandhaus, lived until his death. Friedrich Schiller also spent a few months in 1785 in Leipzig or in the then still located outside the city limits Gohlis. There is the Schiller house, which is actually a farmhouse. There Schiller worked among other things on the poem Ode to Joy, which was set to music by Ludwig van Beethoven later in his 9th Symphony.
The historicist portal of the Supreme Court building
Leipzig has many important buildings of historicism.
The Battle Monument as one of the most famous landmarks of the city was erected in 1898 as a reminder and monument to the Battle of Nations in 1813. Its architecture is heavily tainted symbol of classical motifs and has an extremely solid by height and thickness of the walls and pillars. The similarity of the Supreme Court building, which was built from 1888 to 1895, the Reichstag building in Berlin is unmistakable. Both are based on designs from the Italian Renaissance and to embody the well-established German Empire through its monumental effect.
The German library marked the end of the pre-war historicism a transition to modernity. Similar to the German Hygiene Museum, the forms remain monumental and towering; the replenishment of the facade was created but comparatively factual. Oskar Pusch designed beside the library and the neoclassical Achillion at the exhibition center in Leipzig. The building of the University Library Albertina is designed as a Neo-Renaissance building highly symmetrical with a central entrance. The Mende Fountain is the largest decorative fountain in Leipzig and was built in 1883 in neo-Baroque style. The Grassi Museum was built until 1929 in a style with echoes of Art Deco and New Objectivity as one of the few German museum buildings in the Weimar Republic in 1925.
Modern and Contemporary Architecture [Edit]
City-Hochhaus Leipzig
Leipzig's modernist architecture is dominated by high-rise buildings. The Krochhochhaus arose 1927-28 as the first skyscraper in Leipzig in reinforced concrete skeleton construction and is one of the few surviving buildings of pre-war Modernism. The simply designed, slim, about 50 meters high tower with a distinctive chime was inspired by the clock tower (clocktower) in Venice. Not far from dominating the City Tower with its 142 meters (155.40 m Total height with antenna support) widely downtown. It was built as a section of the building for the University from 1968 to 1972 and, by its shape as open book a unique symbolism. Until the completion of Colonia-house in 1973 it was the tallest building in Germany.
City skyscraper with Augustus Place
In 1972, the 95 meters high (106.8 m total height) winter garden high house was inaugurated with 31 floors at the main station as the highest residential building in Leipzig. Another architecturally significant tall building at the eastern inner city ring is the 1928-29 in the style of the "New Objectivity" built, 53-meter high European high-rise on the south side of Augustus Square, with the Krochhochhaus the second built in Leipzig skyscraper. The Europa-Haus was Ausgangsbau of 1927 by the then city architect Hubert Ritter submitted, but never realized Ring City concept. This envisaged to expand the city center with a modern edge development with several high-rise buildings on the scale in the 19th century Promenadenring of time and thus to relieve the compact old town core by creating much needed at the time of new commercial space and to preserve its historical buildings
Augustus Square, the eastern border of the city center, is home to the New Gewandhaus and the opera house. Both are modern buildings, which were built on the site of the destroyed in World War II culture worldwide. The Opera House was built in 1956-1960 on the site of the previous building and takes its late classical forms simplified. The building is considered by its combination of tradition and modernity today as a model of socialist architecture of the time. Built on the site of the former Municipal Museum New Gewandhaus concert hall was the only full-fledged reconstruction of the GDR and was one of their most complex construction projects. Striking is the high glass front, on the one massive concrete Sims is set. With the construction of modern houses of culture, another way was chosen in Leipzig than in Berlin and Dresden, where Konzerthaus and Semperoper were rebuilt detail. This was in addition to cost considerations and conceptual reasons, since the former Karl-Marx-Platz in its entirety should receive an embossed embossed design principles of socialist face.
Even the northern inner ring road is flanked by two towers. The nearly 70-meter tower Löhrs Carré (seat of the Sparkasse Leipzig / Sachsen Bank) and the 96-meter-high hotel "The Westin Leipzig" here form an ensemble. The dominant feature of the ring building in the southwest of the city is the 115 meters high tower of the New Town Hall, which is also the tallest town hall tower in Germany.
Traffic and industrial buildings
The concourse of Central Station
Leipzig is still surrounded by a ring railway, which are followed by two end stations. Both stations, the main railway station and the Bavarian station are connected by the City Tunnel. The main railway station is the biggest station in Europe. He stands with a nearly 300-meter-wide historicist facade on the border of downtown and is behind two large reception halls. This arose because the station was formerly divided into Saxon and Prussian part, each had its own reception and waiting hall. Overall, the station has six platforms halls. He was until 1997, painstakingly restored and supplemented on cross-platform to a shopping center. Just to the south of downtown is the established until 1844 Bayerische Bahnhof, the oldest surviving railway terminus in Germany. A striking feature of the station is the viertorige portico for the railroad.
The Buntgarnwerke in Plagwitz are Germany's largest listed industrial building from the early days with more than 100,000 square meters of floor space. To the south lie the Leipzig market halls, jokingly called "Kohlrabizirkus". Today they are home to a skating rink and used as a conference hall.
No comments:
Post a Comment